[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":70},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-house-114-1-civil-law-002":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectKicker":6,"subjectShort":7,"subjectMcqNote":8,"question":9,"related":25,"sameNumber":50,"hasEssay":24},"民法概要","civil-law","民法概要 · Civil Law","民法","105–106 年 40 題(每題 1.25 分)、107 年起 25 題(每題 2 分)",{"id":10,"webId":11,"year":12,"session":13,"subject":4,"number":14,"stem":15,"options":16,"answer":21,"answerNote":22,"lawYear":12,"explanation":23,"freq":13,"indexable":24},"house-114-1-民法概要-002","house-114-1-civil-law-002",114,1,2,"我國民法修正時，增訂有關監護宣告及輔助宣告制度之規定。依現行民法相關之規定，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":17,"B":18,"C":19,"D":20},"受監護宣告之成年人，無行為能力","成年人因精神障礙或其他心智缺陷，致其辨識其意思表示效果之能力顯有不足者，得因聲請，對其為監護之宣告","受監護宣告之成年人，仍保有完全之權利能力","受輔助宣告之成年人逕自締結汽車之買賣契約，該契約不因欠缺輔助人之事前同意而無效","B",null,"本題考點：監護宣告與輔助宣告的要件分界，以及兩者對行為能力所生的不同效果。\n【正解理由】依《民法》第 15-1 條第一項，因精神障礙或其他心智缺陷，致其為意思表示或受意思表示，或辨識其意思表示效果之能力「顯有不足」者，法院所為的是輔助之宣告；監護宣告則依《民法》第 14 條第一項，要件是「不能為意思表示或受意思表示，或不能辨識其意思表示之效果」。本選項把輔助宣告的「顯有不足」接到監護宣告上，要件錯置，故選 B。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 正確。《民法》第 15 條明定受監護宣告之人，無行為能力。\n(B) 錯誤。「顯有不足」是《民法》第 15-1 條第一項輔助宣告的門檻；監護宣告須達《民法》第 14 條第一項「不能」的程度，同條第三項並規定法院認未達第一項程度者，得為輔助之宣告。\n(C) 正確。依《民法》第 6 條，人之權利能力始於出生、終於死亡，監護宣告所影響的是行為能力，權利能力不受影響。\n(D) 正確。汽車之買賣屬《民法》第 15-2 條第一項第五款應經輔助人同意之行為，但同條第二項規定第 78 條至第 83 條之規定於未得同意之情形準用之，其中歸於無效者僅限單獨行為（《民法》第 78 條），契約則為效力未定而非無效。\n【記憶點】「不能」進監護、「顯有不足」進輔助；受輔助人未經同意訂的契約是效力未定，不是無效。",true,[26,29,33,38,42,46],{"webId":27,"stem":28,"number":13,"year":12,"session":13},"house-114-1-civil-law-001","依我國民法有關死亡宣告之規定，下述何者錯誤？",{"webId":30,"stem":31,"number":32,"year":12,"session":13},"house-114-1-civil-law-003","下列敘述，何者與民法法人之規定並不相容？",3,{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":37,"session":13},"house-113-1-civil-law-025","甲死亡後留有土地一筆，由其妻乙、兒子丙及女兒丁及戊繼承，因丙不想繼承該筆土地，故向法院以書面聲明拋棄繼承，並通知其他應繼承之人，戊知悉後，則向乙、丙、丁表明，其也要拋棄繼承，並拒絕繳納遺產稅及辦理繼承登記。下列敘述，何者正確？",25,113,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":12,"session":13},"house-114-1-civil-law-004","甲當選 A 法人董事，準備大顯身手，下列敘述何者錯誤？",4,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":37,"session":13},"house-113-1-civil-law-024","民法關於特留分比例之規定，下列敘述，何者錯誤？",24,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":12,"session":13},"house-114-1-civil-law-005","有關自然人從事有效法律行為之情形，依現行民法規定，應以具備完全之行為能力為其要件。對此，下列相關之選項何者正確？",5,[51,54,58,62,66],{"webId":52,"year":37,"stem":53,"number":14},"house-113-1-civil-law-002","有關行為能力之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"webId":55,"year":56,"stem":57,"number":14},"house-112-1-civil-law-002",112,"有關權利客體之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"webId":59,"year":60,"stem":61,"number":14},"house-111-1-civil-law-002",111,"下列何種情況是非屬於近親禁止結婚之規範範圍？",{"webId":63,"year":64,"stem":65,"number":14},"house-110-1-civil-law-002",110,"關於胎兒的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"webId":67,"year":68,"stem":69,"number":14},"house-109-1-civil-law-002",109,"下列何者非消滅時效適用之客體？",1786689125861]