[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":70},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-house-105-1-civil-law-001":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectKicker":6,"subjectShort":7,"subjectMcqNote":8,"question":9,"related":24,"sameNumber":50,"hasEssay":23},"民法概要","civil-law","民法概要 · Civil Law","民法","105–106 年 40 題(每題 1.25 分)、107 年起 25 題(每題 2 分)",{"id":10,"webId":11,"year":12,"session":13,"subject":4,"number":13,"stem":14,"options":15,"answer":20,"answerNote":21,"lawYear":12,"explanation":22,"freq":13,"indexable":23},"house-105-1-民法概要-001","house-105-1-civil-law-001",105,1,"有關民法的法源，民法第 1 條規定「民事，法律所未規定者，依習慣；無習慣者，依法理。」下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":16,"B":17,"C":18,"D":19},"民間「洗門風」的習慣，即是該條所稱之「習慣」","此之「習慣」，係專指習慣法而言","憲法關於人民之權利義務的規定，是該條所稱之法律","條約是規範國家間權利義務之協定，絕非是民法法源之一","B",null,"本題考點：《民法》第 1 條所定民事法源的位階，以及該條所稱「習慣」究竟指單純的事實慣行還是習慣法。\n【正解理由】依《民法》第 1 條，「民事，法律所未規定者，依習慣；無習慣者，依法理。」該條是在成文法律出現漏洞時指定遞補的法源，能夠遞補到法律位置上直接作為裁判依據者，必須是社會上長期反覆慣行、且一般人對之已生非如此不可之法的確信，因而取得法之效力者，也就是習慣法；至於單純的事實上慣行，只在個別條文明文指示時才有適用餘地。故選 B。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 洗門風是地方上以公開羞辱方式了結糾紛的私力慣行，社會一般人對它並無法的確信，內容亦背於善良風俗，無從遞補成文法律而成為該條所稱之習慣。\n(B) 正確。該條之習慣須同時具備長期慣行與法的確信兩項要件，性質上即為習慣法，故能與法律、法理並列為民事法源。\n(C) 該條所稱法律，指規範私法關係的成文民事法規，例如《民法》本身與各民事特別法；憲法所定人民之權利義務，規範的是國家與人民間的公法關係，並非該條用以直接裁判民事事件的法律。\n(D) 條約經批准、公布後於國內具有法律效力，其內容涉及民事事項者仍可作為民事裁判依據，以絕非二字全盤否定條約的法源地位，敘述過於絕對。\n【記憶點】第 1 條的習慣是有法的確信的習慣法，其他條文寫「依習慣」的，多半只是交易上的事實習慣。",true,[25,30,34,38,42,46],{"webId":26,"stem":27,"number":28,"year":29,"session":13},"house-114-1-civil-law-025","甲夫乙妻，一起到夏威夷旅遊，租車亂跑，不幸墜入山谷。下列何者錯誤？",25,114,{"webId":31,"stem":32,"number":33,"year":12,"session":13},"house-105-1-civil-law-002","依民法之規定，下列何種非屬法定要式行為？",2,{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":29,"session":13},"house-114-1-civil-law-024","關於生前特種贈與的歸扣，下列何者錯誤？",24,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":12,"session":13},"house-105-1-civil-law-003","有關財產權之描述，下列敘述何者正確？",3,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":29,"session":13},"house-114-1-civil-law-023","依我國民法有關遺囑之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？",23,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":12,"session":13},"house-105-1-civil-law-004","有關人格權之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",4,[51,54,58,62,66],{"webId":52,"year":29,"stem":53,"number":13},"house-114-1-civil-law-001","依我國民法有關死亡宣告之規定，下述何者錯誤？",{"webId":55,"year":56,"stem":57,"number":13},"house-113-1-civil-law-001",113,"甲就其所有之 A 地，先與乙訂立買賣契約，後與丙訂立買賣契約，均未辦理所有權移轉登記。關於二個買賣契約之效力，下列敘述，何者正確？",{"webId":59,"year":60,"stem":61,"number":13},"house-112-1-civil-law-001",112,"有關權利能力之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"webId":63,"year":64,"stem":65,"number":13},"house-111-1-civil-law-001",111,"依我國民法第 1173 條有關歸扣之規定，下列何種被繼承人生前將財產贈與某特定繼承人，無須將該贈與價額，於遺產分割時，由該繼承人之應繼分中扣除？",{"webId":67,"year":68,"stem":69,"number":13},"house-110-1-civil-law-001",110,"甲與乙訂立買賣契約，契約條款記載「…價金新臺幣陸拾捌萬元整（NT$860,000）。前揭捌拾陸萬元價金應於訂約後 10 日內支付。」若嗣後雙方就價金金額爭訟時，法院應如何決定價金？",1786689128272]